


Celtic Ogham Alphabet
​The Ogham alphabet was used for divination and magical purposes, and each letter has a specific meaning and significance. For example, the first letter, beith, is associated with the birch tree, and represents new beginnings, purification, and renewal. The second letter, luis, is associated with the rowan tree, and represents protection, healing, and inspiration.
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Understanding the Ogham alphabet is essential for anyone interested in Celtic astrology, as it provides a deeper understanding of the correspondences between the trees and plants, the lunar calendar, and the zodiac signs. By studying the Ogham alphabet, you can gain insight into your own personality traits, strengths, and weaknesses, as well as the energies and influences that are present in your life.
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Below we’ve listed a brief overview of ALL the characters in Ogham and their symbolic link to nature, as ordered by the Celtic Zodiac.
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1. Beith (B): is linked to the birch tree. Birch symbolizes renewal, purity, and the fresh start of spring.
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2. Luis (L): corresponds to the rowan tree. Rowan is the protector against evil forces, and its association with this character reflects its role as a guardian in Celtic folklore.
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3. Nion (N): embodies the ash tree, which the Celts regarded as the "World Tree." It served as a bridge between the earthly realm and the spiritual realm, connecting different dimensions of existence.​
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4. Fearn (F): relates to the alder tree. The alder represents both strength and vulnerability.​
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5. Saille (S): corresponds to the willow tree, which embodies flexibility and adaptability.​
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6. Uath (H): is a more complex character, as it holds dual symbolism, representing both enchantment and protection. ​
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7. Duir (D): is linked to the oak tree: the mighty king of trees in Celtic lore. Oak represents the strength and the resilience of nature.​
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8. Tinne (T): relates to the holly tree. As well as being a token of truth, holly is also a symbol of winter's strength and holds significance in both light and dark times.​
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9. Coll (C): corresponds to the hazel tree. Hazel is often associated with knowledge and wisdom. ​​​​
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10. Muin (M): embodies the vine or ivy which represents the bonds of friendship and connection, mirroring the way vines intertwine.
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11. Gort (G): also corresponds to the ivy or vine. Much like Muir, it underscores the theme of interconnectedness and growth.
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12. Ngetal (NG): is associated with the reed. Reed symbolizes flexibility and adaptability in the face of challenges, highlighting the resilience of the natural world.​​​
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13. Ruis (R): corresponds to the elder tree. Elder is associated with the passage of time and the wisdom that comes with age.
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Celtic Zodiac
​​​In this system, each month is associated with an animal and a sacred tree. The animals represent different characteristics and energies, while the trees symbolize virtues and qualities.
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Below is a list of the Celtic Zodiac of the animals. As we can see animals and trees are very important, but there are some signs that do not have animals but has others' myths.​
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Deer / Beth (Dec 24 – Jan 21) / Birch
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Dragon / Louis (Jan 22 – Feb 18) / Rowan Tree
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Mermaid / Nion (Feb 19 – March 18) / Ash
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Hawk / Fearn (March 19 – April 15) / Alder
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Sea Serpent / Saille (April 16 – May 14) / Willow
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Calyx / Uath (May 15 – June 12) / Hawthorn
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Horse / Duir (June 13 – July 9) / Oak
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Lion / Tinne (July 10 – August 6) / Holly
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Salmon / Coll (August 7 – Sept 2) / Hazelnut
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Swan / Muin (Sept 3 – Sept 30) / Vine
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Fairy / Gort (Oct 1 – Oct 29) / Ivy
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White dog / Ngetal (Oct 30 – Nov 27) / Reed
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Raven / Ruis (Nov 28 – Dec 23) / Elderberry


Birch
birth
- the achiever -​
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1st consonant of the Ogham alphabet
B
beth / bieth
​​​​​​animal
golden eagle, white stag​​​​​​
gemstone
rock crystal
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December 24 – January 20

Rowan
attraction
- the thinker -​
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2nd consonant of the Ogham alphabet
L
luis
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​animal
crane, green dragon
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gemstone
peridot​
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January 21 – February 17


a challenge
- the trailblazer -
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4th consonant of the Ogham alphabet
F
fearn
animal
bear, fox, hawk
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gemstone
ruby​
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March 18 – April 14


wisdom
- the observer - ​
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5th consonant of the Ogham alphabet
S
saille / suil
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​animal
adder, hare, sea serpent
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gemstone
moonstone
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April 15 – May 12​

transformation
- the illusionist -​
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6th consonant of the Ogham alphabet
H
uath
animal
bee owl
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gemstone
topaz
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May 13 – June 9



Holly
permanence
- the ruler -
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8th consonant of the Ogham alphabet
T
tinne
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animal
cat, unicorn​
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gemstone
carnelian​
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July 8 – August 4


perceptive
- the knower -​
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9th consonant of the Ogham alphabet
C
coll / call
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animal
crane, salmon
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gemstone
amethyst
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August 5 – September 1


Vine
discernment
- the equalizer -​
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10th consonant of the Ogham alphabet
M
muin
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animal
lizard, hound, white swan
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gemstone
emerald
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September 2 – September 29




protection
- the seeker -​
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13th consonant of the Ogham alphabet
R
ruis
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Celtic Ogham Alphabet
The Celtic Ogham alphabet is an ancient writing system used by the Celts in Ireland and Britain. It consists of 20 letters, each of which is represented by a different tree or plant. The Ogham alphabet was used for inscriptions on stone monuments and other objects, and was also used in divination and magical practices.
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The Ogham alphabet is believed to have been developed in the 4th century AD, although some scholars believe it may have been used as early as the 1st century AD. The letters were carved into stone or wood, and were read from bottom to top, or from left to right.
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The Ogham alphabet is closely connected to Celtic astrology, as each of the 20 letters corresponds to a specific tree or plant, which in turn corresponds to a specific time of the year. The Ogham alphabet is also associated with the Celtic lunar calendar, as each of the 13 months is named after a tree or plant.
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The Ogham alphabet is divided into four groups of five letters each, known as aicmí. Each aicme is associated with a specific element, and contains letters that correspond to trees or plants that are associated with that element. The first aicme is associated with the element of fire, the second with water, the third with air, and the fourth with earth.
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Below we’ve listed a brief overview of ALL the characters in Ogham and their symbolic link to nature.
​
Beith (B): is linked to the birch tree. Birch symbolises renewal, purity, and the fresh start of spring.
​​​
Luis (L): corresponds to the rowan tree. Rowan is the protector against evil forces, and its association with this character reflects its role as a guardian in Celtic folklore.
​​​
Nion (N): embodies the ash tree, which the Celts regarded as the "World Tree." It served as a bridge between the earthly realm and the spiritual realm, connecting different dimensions of existence.​
​
Fearn (F): relates to the alder tree. The alder represents both strength and vulnerability.​
​
Saille (S): corresponds to the willow tree, which embodies flexibility and adaptability.​
​
Uath (H): is a more complex character, as it holds dual symbolism, representing both enchantment and protection. ​
​
Duir (D): is linked to the oak tree: the mighty king of trees in Celtic lore. Oak represents the strength and the resilience of nature.​
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Tinne (T): relates to the holly tree. As well as being a token of truth, holly is also a symbol of winter's strength and holds significance in both light and dark times.​
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Coll (C): corresponds to the hazel tree. Hazel is often associated with knowledge and wisdom.
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Quert (Q): is linked to the apple tree. This character invokes the magical qualities of the apple in Celtic mythology.
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Muin (M): embodies the vine or ivy which represents the bonds of friendship and connection, mirroring the way vines intertwine.
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Gort (G): also corresponds to the ivy or vine. Much like Muir, it underscores the theme of interconnectedness and growth.
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Ngetal (NG): is associated with the reed. Reed symbolizes flexibility and adaptability in the face of challenges, highlighting the resilience of the natural world.​
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Straif (ST): embodies the blackthorn tree. Blackthorn carries dual symbolism, signifying both adversity and transformation.​​
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Ruis (R): corresponds to the elder tree. Elder is associated with the passage of time and the wisdom that comes with age.​
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Ailm (A): is linked to the pine tree. Pine symbolizes purification and clarity, aligning with the Ailm character's theme of spiritual insight.
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Onn (O): relates to the furze or gorse bush. Gorse is associated with the sun and represents hope and optimism in Celtic symbolism.
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Ur (U): is linked to the heather plant. Heather represents solitude and spiritual healing, making this character a reflection of inner growth.
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Eadha (E): embodies the aspen tree. Aspen is known for its quivering leaves, which symbolize the transient nature of life.
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Ioho (I): relates to the yew tree, a guardian of the ancestors and a symbol of immortality.
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Phagos (EA): is associated with the beech tree, symbolizing ancient knowledge and learning.
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Uilleann (UI): Uilleann, is linked to the honeysuckle vine. Honeysuckle represents bonds of love and devotion.
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Ifín (IO): embodies the gooseberry plant. Gooseberry symbolizes protection and nourishment, reflecting the caring nature of this character.

The Connection Between Celtic Astrology and Druidism
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The Celtic culture and Druidism are closely connected, and this is reflected in Celtic astrology. Druidism is an ancient spiritual practice that originated in the Celtic lands. It is a nature-based religion that reveres the natural world and the cycles of the seasons. Druids were the spiritual leaders of the Celtic people, and they were responsible for performing rituals and ceremonies to honor the gods and goddesses.
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Celtic astrology is also closely tied to the natural world and the cycles of the seasons. The Celtic Lunar Calendar, which is used in Celtic astrology, is based on the cycles of the moon and the changing seasons. The Celtic Tree Zodiac, which is used to determine a person’s Celtic zodiac sign, is based on the trees that were sacred to the Druids.
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The Druids believed that trees were sacred and had their own spirits. Each tree had its own unique qualities and characteristics, and these were associated with different times of the year. For example, the Birch tree was associated with the beginning of the year, while the Oak tree was associated with the end of the year.
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The connection between Celtic astrology and Druidism is also reflected in the Celtic Ogham alphabet. The Ogham alphabet was used by the Druids as a secret language, and each letter was associated with a different tree. The Ogham alphabet is still used in Celtic astrology today, and it is used to determine a person’s Celtic tree sign.
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The role of animals in Celtic astrology is also closely tied to Druidism. The Druids believed that animals had their own spirits and were sacred. Each animal was associated with different qualities and characteristics, and these were associated with different times of the year. For example, the Stag was associated with the winter solstice, while the Salmon was associated with the summer solstice.
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The sacred festivals in Celtic culture were also closely tied to Druidism and Celtic astrology. These festivals were celebrated to honor the changing seasons and the cycles of the natural world. Each festival was associated with different qualities and characteristics, and these were reflected in the Celtic astrology signs.
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The revival of Celtic astrology in the 20th century was also closely tied to the revival of Druidism. Many people became interested in Celtic astrology as a way to connect with their Celtic heritage and spiritual roots. Today, Celtic astrology and Druidism continue to be closely connected, and they are both celebrated and revered by people all over the world.

Celtic Mythology
1. The Triskelion: A Powerful Celtic Symbol of Motion and Energy
Also known as the Triskeles symbol, the Triskelion features three spirals emanating from a central point. This ancient design appears on prehistoric stones and later in Celtic art. The Triskelion symbol has many interpretations, but it's often linked to life’s cycles: birth, death, and rebirth.
Some believe the Triskelion's meaning also ties to the mind, body, and spirit working in harmony. In Druidism, it can also represent the three realms: land, sea, and sky. Its spiraling shape implies constant motion and transformation—a reminder that change is both natural and necessary.
This is one of the most powerful and enduring Celtic signs, often associated with personal growth and balance.
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2. The Awen: Inspiration and Harmony in Druid Symbols
The Awen symbol consists of three rays of light, often enclosed in a circle. It’s a popular Druidism symbol and represents inspiration, balance, and the harmony of opposites.
The three rays are said to signify many triads—truth, knowledge, and love, or body, mind, and spirit. It reminds us of the importance of spiritual inspiration and the beauty of balance in our lives.
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3. The Celtic Knot: Eternal Love and Unity
Perhaps the most recognizable of all Celtic designs, the Celtic Knot has no beginning and no end. It’s often associated with eternal life, the continuity of love, and the interconnectedness of all things.
When shaped into a heart or figure-eight form, it becomes the Celtic knot of love, a popular design in rings and tattoos. This makes it a fitting symbol for love, representing enduring affection and unbreakable bonds.
The meanings found in knotwork often reflect the cycles of nature and human connection—there's something comforting in its symmetry and flow.
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4. The Celtic Cross: Bridging Heaven and Earth
The Celtic Cross symbol combines a Christian cross with a circular ring, often said to represent the sun or the circle of life. Before its Christian association, this symbol may have been linked to the four directions or the balance of spiritual and earthly realms.
Today, it serves as both a spiritual marker and a cultural emblem. It's one of the most well-known Irish Celtic symbols, found on gravestones and monuments throughout Ireland and Scotland.
For many, it symbolizes faith, protection, and unity, making it a deeply meaningful Celtic emblem.
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5. Cernunnos: The Horned God of Nature and Abundance
In Druid symbolism, one of the most intriguing figures is Cernunnos, often depicted with antlers or horns. Known as the Horned God, he represents nature, fertility, and the cycle of life.
His image is found in ancient carvings, surrounded by animals or seated cross-legged. In modern spirituality, he symbolizes the wild, untamed forces of nature and our connection to the natural world.
Cernunnos' symbols remind us of our animal instincts and the need for balance between human civilization and the earth’s primal forces.
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6. The Dara Knot: Strength from Roots
The Celtic strength symbol known as the Dara Knot comes from the Irish word "Doire", meaning oak tree. It’s inspired by the tree’s roots and its deep connection to the earth. Oaks were sacred to the Celts and Druids, symbolizing inner strength, endurance, and wisdom.
This is a popular choice for those looking for a symbol of strength and courage, especially in tattoo art. It’s also one of the more meaningful Celtic tattoos due to its message of resilience and grounding.
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7. Triquetra: The Trinity Knot
The Triquetra, or Trinity Knot, is another powerful Celtic sign of strength and spiritual unity. With three interlocking loops, it symbolizes many triads in Celtic belief—life, death, and rebirth; or past, present, and future.
While it was later adopted by Christian tradition to represent the Holy Trinity, the symbol existed long before then and held deep spiritual significance for the Celts. It's one of the most popular Celtic symbols in jewelry, art, and tattoos.
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8. The Claddagh: A Symbol of Family and Community
The Claddagh is one of the most heartfelt symbols to come out of Irish tradition. Although it’s best known today as a symbol of romantic love, it also represents friendship, loyalty, and connection, making it a strong Celtic symbol for family and community.
The design features two hands holding a heart topped with a crown. Each element has meaning: the hands represent friendship, the heart signifies love, and the crown stands for loyalty. It’s often used to symbolize deep family bonds, shared heritage, and multi-generational unity. People wear it to honor their roots, especially within Irish and Celtic families, and to celebrate the idea that we’re all part of something larger than ourselves.
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9. The Spiral: Symbol of Death and Rebirth
Among the oldest ancient Celtic symbols, the spiral holds deep spiritual significance. Found carved into stone monuments such as Newgrange in Ireland, it reflects the Celts’ view of life as an ever-flowing cycle. Rather than seeing death as a final end, the Celts believed in a continual journey of transformation.
The spiral motif represents the soul’s passage through birth, life, death, and rebirth. It’s often referred to as a Celtic symbol of death and rebirth, not in a grim sense, but to offer comfort and perspective. It reminds us that every ending leads to a new beginning, and that life’s rhythms are part of a greater universal flow.
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10. The Four Classical Elements: Earth, Air, Fire, and Water
In both Celtic and Druidic belief systems, the four classical elements—earth, air, fire, and water—were revered not only as physical substances but also as spiritual forces.
These elements appear frequently in Druidism symbols, serving as a reminder of our connection to nature and the balance we must maintain with the world around us. Each element has its own qualities: earth represents stability and grounding; air symbolizes thought and communication; fire is linked to passion and transformation; and water reflects emotion and intuition. These elemental forces are found throughout Celtic design meanings and were essential in both spiritual rituals and symbolic art.
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11. The Shield Knot: Celtic Symbol of Protection
The Shield Knot is an ancient and powerful Celtic symbol of protection, often used to ward off evil and danger. Recognized by its interwoven, square-shaped pattern, it was traditionally placed around battlefields, homes, and even infants’ cradles to provide spiritual safety.
As a Celtic protection knot, it symbolizes security, strength, and safeguarding from harm. Its unbroken, looping design represents the continuity of protection; perfect for anyone seeking a Celtic sign for protection or spiritual fortification.
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12. The Tree of Life: Connection Between Worlds
Known in Celtic as Crann Bethadh, the Tree of Life is a symbol of harmony between the upper and lower worlds. Its roots delve deep into the earth while its branches stretch to the sky, connecting heaven, earth, and the underworld.
This ancient design embodies balance, strength, and spiritual connectivity, making it a popular motif. It is also a Celtic symbol for family, as it reflects generational continuity and our place within the greater web of life.
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13. The Stag: Messenger of the Otherworld
In Druidic symbols and meanings, the stag is a noble and mystical animal often associated with the forest, intuition, and the divine. Considered a Celtic symbol of strength, it represents leadership, pride, and spiritual guidance.
Stags were thought to be messengers between the physical and spirit worlds. Their presence in myth and art reflects courage, independence, and connection to nature, making them a meaningful symbol for those walking a path of personal discovery.
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14. The Boar: Symbol of Bravery and Protection
The boar is another significant animal in Celtic and Druid symbolism, especially tied to warrior culture. Known for its fearlessness and strength, the boar represented protection, courage, and honor in battle.
In Celtic tattoos, the boar is often used to channel inner strength and a protective presence. It’s also tied to themes of fertility and abundance, linking it to the sacred cycles of life celebrated in Druidism.
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15. The Salmon: Wisdom and Knowledge
The salmon holds a central place in Celtic mythology, especially in Irish legend. The Salmon of Knowledge was said to have all the wisdom of the world, and those who ate from it would gain deep insight.
As a symbol, it represents intuition, memory, and the flow of knowledge, making it an ideal emblem for learners and spiritual seekers. It’s one of the lesser-known yet meaningful Celtic signs, with strong ties to storytelling and lore.
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16. The Horse: Sovereignty and Power
In Celtic and Druid tradition, the horse is connected with sovereignty, movement, and divine feminine energy. Revered in festivals and often associated with goddesses like Epona, the horse embodies strength, freedom, and fertility.
As a Celtic strength symbol, it highlights power paired with grace. The horse was thought to guide souls between worlds, giving it a dual symbolism of vitality and spiritual passage.
17. The Swan: Beaut
y, Love, and Transformation
Swans are found throughout Celtic stories as symbols of love, purity, and change. Linked to the soul and the Otherworld, they appear in myths such as the Children of Lir, where they represent both suffering and transcendence.
Because of their strong associations with loyalty and enduring bonds, swans are sometimes chosen as a Celtic symbol for love. They also symbolize personal transformation and emotional depth, making them popular in Celtic imagery and meanings.
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18. The Raven: Prophecy and Mystery
In Druidic symbolism, the raven is associated with prophecy, magic, and messages from the spirit realm. Though sometimes misunderstood as an omen of death, in Celtic belief, the raven was a powerful guide and protector.
It’s one of the more mysterious druidism symbols, reflecting inner wisdom, change, and the ability to navigate darkness. In both myth and modern spiritual practice, ravens are respected as keepers of secrets and ancient truths.
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19. The Goose: Celtic Bird of Good Luck and Loyalty
The goose is often referred to as the Celtic bird of good luck. In Celtic culture, the goose symbolizes loyalty, travel, and return. Because of their strong migratory instincts, they were associated with homecoming and destiny.
In Celtic emblems, geese also represent maternal protection and guidance. They are tied to family, fate, and the soul’s journey, making them a charming yet meaningful choice for those drawn to animal symbolism.
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20. The Celtic Harp: Music, Emotion, and the Divine
The Celtic harp is not only the national symbol of Ireland but also a spiritual emblem of music, healing, and emotional expression. In Celtic lore, bards and druids used music to move hearts, invoke memory, and even influence fate.
The harp connects the human soul to divine realms through sound, as it evokes creativity, sacred harmony, and the power of storytelling. It’s especially revered in Irish Celtic symbols and continues to inspire modern musicians, poets, and healers.

References and More Resources
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Celtic Symbolism and Druid Meanings
Have you ever felt drawn to the swirling lines of a Celtic knot or the mysterious power of a Druid symbol? Many people seek out these ancient images for personal meaning, connection to heritage, or spiritual guidance. Whether you're exploring ideas for a tattoo, interested in Celtic history, or curious about Druid symbolism, you're likely wondering what these intriguing symbols actually mean.
21 Celtic Symbols and Their Powerful Meanings Explained - Centre of Excellence
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Celtic Zodiac
The Celtic zodiac is based on the cycle of the moon with the year divided into 13 lunar months, each associated with a tree considered to be sacred.
Celtic Astrology | CrystalWind.ca
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Celtic Astrology: The Lunar Calendar and the Sacred Festivals
Steeped in mysticism and ancient wisdom, the Celtic Lunar Calendar is a fascinating aspect of Celtic Astrology. This unique calendar, based on the cycles of the moon, played a significant role in the lives of the Celts, who were deeply connected to the natural world and its rhythms. The Celtic Lunar Calendar consists of 13 months, each corresponding to a specific tree and its associated zodiac sign. The calendar begins with the month of Birch, which starts on December 24th, and ends with the month of Elder, which concludes on December 23rd.
Celtic Astrology: The Lunar Calendar and the Sacred Festivals - Knowledge Voyager
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Astrology: Celtic Symbols and Irish Astrology
Irish Astrology, also referred to as Celtic Tree Astrology, is the astrological system practiced by the ancient Irish. It is based on a Druid symbol system and not on any of the traditional systems such as Western, Chinese or Vedic astrologies.
Astrology: Celtic Symbols and Irish Astrology – Apanache
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Celtic Zodiac of the Animals. Meet his 13 Mistical Signs
Each animal and tree of the Celtic Zodiac has its own symbolism and associated meaning. People born under certain animals are believed to have specific characteristics and traits related to that animal.
â–· Celtic Zodiac of the Animals. Meet his 13 Mistical Signs
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